Here's the upshot:
Putting all this together gives us a clear and consistent set of rules for divorce and remarriage. Divorce is only allowed for a limited number of grounds that are found in the Old Testament and affirmed in the New Testament:In thinking through these issues it may be helpful to consult the following chart, adapted from Andreas Kostenberger's excellent book, God, Marriage, and Family. The chart reflects the majority evangelical view on divorce and remarriage (which I also hold).
- Adultery (in Deuteronomy 24:1, affirmed by Jesus in Matthew 19)
- Emotional and physical neglect (in Exodus 21:10-11, affirmed by Paul in 1 Corinthians 7)
- Abandonment and abuse(included in neglect, as affirmed in 1 Corinthians 7)
| Differences of Views | Shammai | Hillel | Jesus |
| OT background texts for marriage | Deut. 24:1-4 | Deut. 24:1-4 | Gen. 1:27; 2:24 |
| Meaning of porneia | Immodest behavior or sexual immorality | Any instance where a wife did something displeasing to her husband | Immoral behavior on the part of the spouse, including, but not restricted to, adultery (majority view; see Matt. 5:31-32; 19:3, 6, 8, 9) |
| Divorce for porneia | Required | Required | Permitted |
| The application of the standard for divorce and remarriage | Men only | Men only | Both men and women |
(Thanks to Tim Challies for helping me to recreate this chart in HTML!)